I originally started this blog entry back in 2007 after our wedding, but never got around to finishing it. I recently was reminded to share this process in case others might find it helpful for their own mosaic building. Enjoy!
After deciding to incorporate LEGO in our wedding decor, one of the elements we settled upon was a twist on the traditional bride and groom portrait, typically displayed during the reception. Rather than a blown-up studio portrait, we decided to build a LEGO mosaic instead.
Choosing the software:
The first step in the process was to decide on a method to generate a mosaic from a photo. A tool specifically designed with LEGO pieces in mind would be ideal since it would presumably understand and address the limitations and nuances of the medium. However, if one wasn't available, a LEGO mosaic is still essentially just a pixelation of a photo, so any number of photo editing tools could be used.
I had seen various LEGO mosaic tools over the years, but I became slightly distraught when my initial searches yielded nothing but broken links and messages of ceased distribution. Eventually I found
PicToBrick and after downloading it and quickly playing around with it, I determined it was precisely what I needed.
The next logical step, of course, is to decide on a suitable photograph. There are many attributes of an image that determine whether or not it would be a good mosaic, but I think the overriding factor is the detail level. Photos that are too highly detailed for the resolution of the mosaic will lose all the detail, and conversely, too little detail will result in a nebulous blob.
Choosing the photo:
After choosing a photo, additional modifications can be made to result in a better mosaic. In this instance I removed the landscape in the background:
Choosing the build configuration:
Now, it was time to fire up PicToBrick and import the photo. If you haven't decided already, you'll now have to decide upon a few attributes of the mosaic that are going to greatly affect how it looks: 1. brick orientation (i.e. studs facing out, studs up so that the sides of the bricks are visible, etc.) 2. size 3. color palette
Eric Harshbarger has a good overview of these design decisions at his
website that I highly recommend reading. Now, to expand upon some of the factors and my decisions for my portrait:
1. Brick Orientation: we chose to build with studs facing out since that style is most recognizable as being built with LEGO blocks, which was our goal. A viewer merely has to approach close enough to recognize the iconic stud, and if that's still not enough, even closer examination will make visible the word 'LEGO' molded into the top of each stud.
2. Size: since we decided upon studs out, the logical way to assemble the mosaic would be to fasten the bricks to a baseplate. Standard baseplates are 10" x 10" (32 x 32 studs) and the larger baseplates are 15" x 15" (48 x 48 studs). It you arrive at dimensions that are in these multiples, it spares you the trouble of having to get creative and/or taking a saw to your baseplates. We chose 92 x 80, in a configuration of two rows: 2 large baseplates above 3 standard baseplates. This is close in dimension to a landscape style shot, and, as you'll see later, we added a border where it didn't crop perfectly.
3.
Color Palette: As you can see, we started with a grayscale image, but had we not, I almost certainly would have converted it to grayscale for the purposes of the mosaic. Blacks, whites, and grays can be purchased in large quantities and for cheaper prices than more colorful bricks. Also, in order to form the most seamless image, it's important to have variations of the same color to achieve proper shading, and there are many variants of gray. I went through several iterations of adding and reducing the different colors I wanted to use and finally arrived upon the following six elements: black, white, light gray, very light gray, dark bluish gray, and dark gray. The 1x1 brick in those (and many more) colors can be purchased in bulk at
Bricklink.
After inputing those major criteria, and playing around a little with the
different quantisation algorithms which will cause the image to vary slightly, I arrived at the following mosaic:

Once you're satisfied with the model, PicToBrick generates a bill of material. In my case, it was:
| Black | Plate_1x1_(3024) | 1356 piece(s) |
| Dark_Bluish_Gray | Plate_1x1_(3024) | 1361 piece(s) |
| White | Plate_1x1_(3024) | 37 piece(s) |
| Light_Gray | Plate_1x1_(3024) | 1407 piece(s) |
| Very_Light_Gray | Plate_1x1_(3024) | 655 piece(s) |
| Dark_Gray | Plate_1x1_(3024) | 1348 piece(s) |
Buying the pieces:
In case you're not aware, it is generally difficult to buy individual pieces directly from LEGO. Over the years, they have introduce a few solutions for this. In fact, circa 2007 they introduced a feature on their website to generate mosaics and purchase the requisite bricks in a similar fashion as I'm describing here, but if I remember correctly, the tool only allowed for a 32 x 32 brick image which is severely limiting.
As a result of the difficulty in purchasing elements, a vibrant LEGO community of sellers has been established at
Bricklink (http://www.bricklink.com) . When I originally blogged about our
LEGO Save the Date magnets in 2007, I provided this statistic about Bricklink: "[it boasts] "71,937,076 items in 2,208,770 lots in 2,834 stores". Revisiting that tally today in 2011, it has now grown to 116,747,589 items in 3,974,013 lots in 4,966 stores.
Buying pieces in large quantities is somewhat of an endeavor on Bricklink, particularly if you strive to be economical about it. For convenience and to minimize separate shipping costs, it is ideal to order from as few stores as possible. However, the larger stores tend to charge more per brick since they are aware that their size puts them in a preferred position. Thus, you may find that money can be saved even after additional shipping charges by buying from multiple smaller stores.
There may be additional factors that contribute to your decision about from whom to buy.
For me, ever the procrastinator, I didn't start shopping for the pieces until one month from the wedding date, so I had a strong bias for sellers located in the US so that shipping would not be delayed.
In the end, I purchased from 5 different sellers, and the total expenditure came to just over $200.
Building the Mosaic:
PicToBrick has a feature to generate building instructions, however, my wife-to-be and I did not like the formatting. Here is an excerpt:
- row 1, column 7: Plate_1x1_(3024), darkgray
- row 1, column 8: Plate_1x1_(3024), darkgray
- row 1, column 9: Plate_1x1_(3024), darkgray
- row 1, column 10: Plate_1x1_(3024), darkgray
- row 1, column 11: Plate_1x1_(3024), 11_Black
- row 1, column 12: Plate_1x1_(3024), 11_Black
- row 1, column 13: Plate_1x1_(3024), 11_Black
Instead, we decided to blow up the image of the mosaic to 1:1 proportion, print the pages, and use it as our building instruction.
Building it went surprisingly fast. We finished in one night -- approximately 8 person hours (both of us building for 4 hours) -- while watching TV.
I cut down a piece of plywood and glued the baseplates to it to give it stability.
All done!
And without further ado, the finished mosaic on display: